Cgabryszek: Created page with "'''Class''' Antiarrhythmic '''Pharmacology and Actions''' # Cardiovascular ## Increased ventricular fibrillation threshold ## Decreased conduction rate and myocontractility (at toxic levels) # CNS ## Stimulation ## Decreased cough reflex '''Indications''' # Pediatric cardiac arrest from VT/VF # Sustained VT with a pulse # Prior to intubation in head trauma (suspected increased intracranial pressure) '''Contraindications''' # Known hypersensitivity to lidocaine ''..."

2022-04-04T03:44:24Z

Created page with "'''Class''' Antiarrhythmic '''Pharmacology and Actions''' # Cardiovascular ## Increased ventricular fibrillation threshold ## Decreased conduction rate and myocontractility (at toxic levels) # CNS ## Stimulation ## Decreased cough reflex '''Indications''' # Pediatric cardiac arrest from VT/VF # Sustained VT with a pulse # Prior to intubation in head trauma (suspected increased intracranial pressure) '''Contraindications''' # Known hypersensitivity to lidocaine ''..."

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'''Class'''

Antiarrhythmic

'''Pharmacology and Actions'''

# Cardiovascular
## Increased ventricular fibrillation threshold
## Decreased conduction rate and myocontractility (at toxic levels)
# CNS
## Stimulation
## Decreased cough reflex

'''Indications'''

# Pediatric cardiac arrest from VT/VF
# Sustained VT with a pulse
# Prior to intubation in head trauma (suspected increased intracranial pressure)

'''Contraindications'''

# Known hypersensitivity to lidocaine

'''Precautions'''

# High grade AV block is a relative contraindication. Do not treat ventricular escape beats or accelerated idioventricular rhythm with lidocaine.
# Lidocaine is metabolized in the liver, elderly patients and those with liver disease or poor liver perfusion secondary to shock or CHF are more likely to experience side effects.
# Side effects include drowsiness, confusion, convulsion, hypotension, bradycardia, and tachycardia.
# Head trauma requires careful airway management. If endotracheal intubation is appropriate, pretreatment with lidocane may help avoid further ICP.

'''Administration'''

# Pediatric cardiac Arrest from VF/VT
## Initial dose of 1.0 mg/kg IV/IO
# Adults: Sustained ventricular tachycardia with a pulse
## 0.5 mg/kg IV/IO over 2 minutes and may be repeated in 5 – 10 minutes
# Pediatrics: Sustained ventricular tachycardia with a pulse
## 1 mg/kg IV/IO over 2 minutes
# Head Trauma
## 1.0 mg/kg IV/IO bolus: no additional bolus is required

'''Side Effects and Special Notes'''

# PVCs '''should not''' be treated with lidocaine. Hypoxia can generate PVCs and lidocaine will not help; treat the cause. Patients with PVCs and active chest pain should have their pain treated aggressively with oxygen, aspirin, and pain medications.
# Best available evidence currently indicates that prophylactic lidocaine (in the setting of MI without PVCs) may actually increase mortality.

LIDOCAINE (XYLOCAINE) - Revision history